다이어트 음료

다이어트 음료는 무설탕 음료이다. 다이어트 음료는 살을 빼거나, 설탕 섭취를 줄일수 있는 음료이다. 미국, 영국, 캐나다 등 특정 국가에서는 "다이어트" 대신 "라이트"라는 용어를 사용하는 경우가 많다. 이 나라들은 "다이어트 음료"와 다르며 따라서 맛도 다르다.

많은 사람들이 설탕의 건강 위험과 카페인의 건강 위험에 대해 걱정하고 있는데 다이어트 전문가들은 다이어트 음료가 설탕의 안전한 대체물로 혈당 및 체중 관리에 도움을 줄수있다고 말했다.

역사

다이어트 음료는 1878년 사카린의 발견 이후 만들어져 왔다. 다이어트 음료는 1949년 스페인의 마드리드에서 사이클라메이트를 사용하면서 본격적으로 판매되었다.

미국에선 음료의 설탕 대신 사이클라메이트 칼슘을 사용했다. 미국인들의 체중이 늘어나자 커쉬는 다이어트 음료를 판매하기 시작했고 1953년까지 뉴욕과 주변 지역에서 인기를 얻었다. 1954년 캐나다의 드라이 글래머가 인기를 얻었다.

1958년, 로열 크라운 콜라(RC)는 설탕대신 시클라마이트와 사카린을 넣은 다이어트 음료 다이어트 리트를 발명했다. RC는 1962년에 다이어트 리트를 판매하기 시작했다.

1963년, 페퍼는 다이어트 음료인 "다이어트 닥터 페퍼"를 출시했다. 같은 해, 코카콜라는 다이어트 음료 시장에 합류했다.

위의 다이어트 음료들은 모두 시클라마이트 나트륨과 사카린으로 사용했으나 건강의 좋지 않았다. 1969년 위스콘신 대학에서 실험 결과가 실험용 쥐에서 시클라메이트를 넣은 다이어트 음료가 방광암을 유발한다는 것을 발견했다. quickly followed up by another from Abbott Labs (a manufacturer of cyclamate). This finding was quickly accepted in the medical field and by the public as evidence that cyclamate was carcinogenic in humans. Per the Delaney amendment, the FDA immediately announced a ban on cyclamate in food and drink products, to take effect in 1970. Diet sodas were quickly reformulated with saccharin alone (in the hopes that consumers would tolerate the metallic aftertaste), but the market share of diet sodas rapidly fell from 20% to 3% overall.

After further studies in the 1980s linked saccharin to cancer as well, most manufacturers switched to aspartame in 1983.

By the early 1990s, a wide array of companies had their own diet refreshments on supermarket shelves. Tab made a comeback during the late 1990s after new studies demonstrated that saccharin is not an important factor in the risk of cancer. Nevertheless, The Coca-Cola Company has maintained its 1984 reformulation, replacing some of the saccharin in Tab with NutraSweet.

By 2002, some beverage companies had diversified to include such flavors as vanilla and lemon among their products and diet drinks were soon being produced with those flavors as well (see Diet Vanilla Coke, Diet Pepsi Vanilla). By 2004, several alcohol companies had released sugar-free or "diet" alcoholic products too.

감미료

Several different sweeteners are used to replace sugar in low-calorie diet beverages. The primary compounds worldwide are aspartame, saccharin, sucralose, Sodium cyclamate, acesulfame potassium, and stevia.

The ideal goal in artificial sweetening is to replicate the exact taste and texture effects of sucrose with one or more of these non-caloric sweeteners. Despite decades of research and development, this goal remains elusive. Most sweeteners carry a marked aftertaste, often described as "bitter" or "metallic". The perception of this aftertaste has been studied intensively, and appears to be based on genetic factors that vary from person to person.

In recent years, rising consumer preference for "natural" products and concern over the possible health effects of artificial sweeteners has spurred demand for stevia-based sweeteners and driven manufacturers to seek novel phytochemicals.

파일:Diet Coke Products.JPG

Diet Coke is the number one selling diet soft drink in the world.

Aspartame

Aspartame, commonly known by the brand name NutraSweet, is one of the most commonly used artificial sweeteners. The 1982 introduction of aspartame-sweetened Diet Coke accelerated this trend. Today, at least in the United States, "diet" is nearly synonymous with the use of aspartame in beverages.

Neotame and advantame are further derivatives of aspartame. They received FDA approval in 1998 and 2014 respectively. Due to its high efficiency (20,000 times sucrose) which enables use of minute quantities for sweetening, advantame has the advantage of being safe to consume for individuals with phenylketonuria. As such, products sweetened with it are not required to carry a phenylalanine warning label.

Cyclamates

In 1970, the Food and Drug Administration banned cyclamates in the United States based on the results of a study which found that it caused bladder cancer in rats in combination with saccharin. This effect was later revealed to be specific to rodents; neither saccharin nor cyclamate are now considered human carcinogens. Nevertheless, cyclamate remains banned in the US.

Sucralose and acesulfame potassium; "sugar-free" soft drinks

Recently, two other sweeteners have been used with increasing frequency: sucralose (marketed as Splenda) and acesulfame potassium ("Sunett" or "Ace K"). The K in "Ace K" represents the chemical symbol for potassium. Acesulfame potassium is usually combined with aspartame, sucralose, or saccharin rather than alone and its use is particularly common among smaller beverage producers (e.g. Big Red). Diet Rite is the non-aspartame diet soft drink brand with the highest sales today; it uses a combination of sucralose and acesulfame potassium.

In the US, sucralose and Ace-K received FDA approval for use in soft drinks in 1998.

Advocates say drinks employing these sweeteners have a more natural sugar-like taste than those made just with aspartame, and do not have a strong aftertaste. The newer aspartame-free drinks can also be safely consumed by phenylketonurics, because they do not contain phenylalanine. Critics say the taste is not better, merely different, or note that the long-term health risks of all or certain artificial sweeteners is unclear.

The widespread, though not universal, agreement that the newest formulations taste much more "normal" (sugar-like) than the older diet soft drinks have prompted some producers, such as Jones Soda, to abandon the "diet" label entirely in favor of "sugar-free", implying that the taste is good enough to drink even when not trying to lose weight. (This idea was first floated by Diet Coke in 1984, with the tagline, "Just For the Taste of It.")

In 2005, The Coca-Cola Company announced it would produce a sucralose-containing formulation of Diet Coke known as Diet Coke with Splenda, but that it would continue to produce the aspartame version as well. There were also rumors that a sugar-free version of Coca-Cola Classic, also sweetened with sucralose, was being formulated as well. This formulation was eventually called Coca-Cola Zero, though it is sweetened with aspartame in conjunction with acesulfame potassium.

Stevia

Stevia-based sweeteners incorporate steviol glycosides, sweet-tasting compounds produced in the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant.

Initially launched in Argentina in 2013, Coca-Cola Life is made with a mix of stevia and sugar as its sweeteners. Pepsi has also released a variant of their cola sweetened with stevia and sugar, called Pepsi Next.

감미료 정보

아래 표는 2012년 미국 시장이 제공한 다이어트 음료의 감미료를 표시한다.

음료	아스파탐 (mg)		아세설팜 K (mg)		수크랄로스 (mg)		인 (mg)
다이어트 콜라	188	188	0		0		27	27
코카콜라 제로 슈가	87	87	47	47	0		54	54
다이어트 펩시	124	124	32	32	0		33	33
다이어트 펩시 라임	125	125	32	32	0		89	89
다이어트 펩시 바닐라	125	125	32	32	0		89	89
펩시 맥스	125	125	32	32	0		42	42
펩시 넥스트	36	36	18	18	14	14	33	33
다이어트 닥터 페퍼	185	185	0		0		50	50
다이어트 마운틴 듀	86	86	27	27	27	27	0
스프라이트 제로 슈가	75	75	51	51	0		0
프레스카	75	75	51	51	0		0
바르크 다이어트 루트 맥주	99	99	61	61	0		0

판매율

2009년~2010년 미국 인구의 11%가 다이어트 음료를 섭취했다. 다이어트 음료는 남성보다 여성들에게 인기가 높았다. 다이어트 음료를 사는 남녀가 비슷한 12세에서 19세 사이의 모든 연령대에 여성의 다이어트 음료를 구매하는 비율은 남성보다 높았다.

각주

This article "다이어트 음료" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:다이어트 음료. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

This page exists already on Wikipedia.

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