호리가슴개미속

Template:Taxonomy/

Temnothorax schaumii, 메릴랜드주

호리가슴개미속(Temnothorax)은 두배자루마디개미아과에 속한 개미의 일속으로, 350종 이상이 속해있다.

생태

호리가슴개미속의 일개미는 대개 작다. 군체는 대개 한 마리의 여왕을 모시지만, 몇몇 종은 The workers of Temnothorax species are generally small. Colonies are typically monogynous, although facultative polygyny has been documented in several species. Colony populations are usually quite small, often with less than 100 workers. However, several studies have found colonies of some species to be widely dispersed with several to many satellite nests. Many species are arboreal, living within hollow stems, old beetle or termite galleries, or in galls. Temnothorax species appear to be trophic generalists, feeding on a wide variety of scavenged items, including the elaiosomes of seeds. None have been documented to be active or aggressive predators.

계통

근래의 분자 수준 계통학 연구는 Chalepoxenus, Myrmoxenus and Protomognathus are nested within Temnothorax, and that the latter is distinct from the more distantly related genera Formicoxenus, Leptothorax and Harpagoxenus. Species in these 'satellite' genera live as social parasites within the nests of other species of Temnothorax.

사회적 행동

호리가슴개미속은 의사소통, 군체 책임, 영향을 통해 사회 구조의 흥미로운 모습을 보여준다.have been studied to show interesting틀:According to whom displays of social structures through communication, colony responsibility, and influence.

개미들 사이의 의사소통이 관찰되어왔으며, Communication among ants has been observed틀:By whom and assumed to be entirely influenced through substrate-bound odor cues. However, this previous determined social factor has been disproved among the Temnothorax as recorded in the study conducted by Sean R Bowens, Daniel P Glatt, and Stephen C Pratt. Their study observed the navigational influences during emigration. The study consisted of forcing emigration in a colony to a new nest and change the visual and odor cues to the old nest. The new nest was rotated 60 degrees around the old nest in order to keep the visual cues but expel odor cues. The ants were then observed by their success in finding their way back to the old nest. When the odor cues were obstructed but the visual cues were not the ants did not have a problem locating the old nest. The study then changed to remove both the odor and visual cues. When this was done the ants showed disoriented behavior when searching for the old nest. Lastly, the study observed the ants when the visual cue was obstructed but not the odor cues. It was surprisingly틀:According to whom discovered that when the visual cues were obstructed and the ant had only odor cues to use for navigation the ants continued to display disoriented behavior and not only could not find the old nest, they walked in the opposite direction from it. This has led the study to conclude that among Temnothorax this species relies on visual cues rather than odor cues, and it is now assumed that odor cues are simply used to mark territory.

Among the Temnothorax it has been studied as to how effectively the queen of a colony can dominate the reproductive decisions of her workers. In a study completed by Elisabeth Brunner, Johannes Kroiss, Andreas Trindl, and Jürgen Heinze, the queens of different colonies among similar species were observed in their influence over the reproduction of male workers; and whether or not the queen was manipulating their reproduction through active suppression or by implanting an honest signal of pheromones to broadcast fertility status. The study looked at queens in a mixed-species colonies and in colonies of the same species and at the cast-specific patterns of the cuticular hydrocarbons present. In the mixed- species colonies the queens were not able to completely suppress the reproduction of the male workers. In the colonies consisting of the same species the queen was able to suppress the male workers. It could be that the chemical profiles of the cuticular hydrocarbons differentiated between the queens of separate species. However, since the queens were still able to suppress the male workers somewhat, this supports the hypothesis that queens use an honest signal to manipulate the reproduction of male workers.

Anna Dornhaus, Jo-Anne Holley, Nigel R. Franks가 수행한 연구에서, 호리가슴개미속의 군체 내부의 the communal responsibilities within the colonies of Temnothorax were observed to determine if the size of a colony influences the division of labor among workers. 개체군의 규모가 크고 작은 11 개의 군체(작은 군체는 200 - 400, 큰 군체는 500 - 700 마리로 이루어져있다) By studying 11 colonies of both large and small population sizes (a small colony to consist of 200 to 400 individuals and a large colony to consist of 500 to 700 individuals) with approximately less than 1100 individually marked worker ants 연구자들은 업무가 어떻게 분배되는지, 얼마나 많은 일개미들이 일을 끝내기 위해 동원되거나 디지 않는지를 절 넣기

하위 종

• Temnothorax albipennis
• Temnothorax americanus
• Temnothorax curvispinosus
• Temnothorax gallae
• Temnothorax nylanderi
• Temnothorax pilagens
• Temnothorax rugatulus
• Temnothorax unifasciatus

각주

• 이 문서는 누구에게나 어떤 목적으로도 재사용, 개정, 재조합, 재배포하는 것을 허용하는 저작권 라이선스를 통해 학문적으로 공개된 텍스트를 포함합니다: 명확한 라이선스 조항을 위해 출처를 점검해 주십시오.

=외부 링크

• 위키미디어 공용에 Temnothorax 관련 미디어 분류가 있습니다.

This article "호리가슴개미속" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:호리가슴개미속. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

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